How Laser Cutting is Revolutionizing Material Processing
As highlighted by IQS Directory in their article, “Laser Cutting,” laser cutting technology has evolved into a versatile and highly precise method for cutting various materials, from metals to polymers. Using a concentrated, coherent beam of light, laser cutting operates as a subtractive process, removing material via vaporization, melting, or chemical ablation. This technique, controlled by Computer Numerical Control (CNC), produces precise cuts, even in fragile or brittle materials, and avoids residual stress on the material surface.
Laser cutting encompasses a variety of drilling methods such as single-shot, percussion, trepanning, and helical drilling, each offering unique benefits. While single-shot and percussion are prized for their speed, trepanning and helical drilling excel in producing high-quality, accurate holes. Initially applied to cut diamond dies, laser cutting has expanded to metals, ceramics, and even high-strength alloys, particularly in the aerospace industry.
A defining feature of laser technology is its non-contact nature, which minimizes wear and enables intricate cuts on high-strength materials. Modern laser systems generate beams through various laser types, including CO₂, Nd-YAG, and fiber-optic lasers. Among these, fiber-optic lasers are popular due to their precision and efficiency. Utilizing rare earth elements like ytterbium, thulium, and erbium, fiber-optic lasers are categorized into single-mode and multi-mode systems, allowing manufacturers to select based on application needs. Their wavelength precision enables them to produce straighter, finer cuts, distinguishing them in high-precision applications.
In contrast, CO₂ lasers use a gas discharge medium and an electrical discharge method to stimulate CO₂ molecules, emitting infrared light used for cutting. Although less precise than fiber lasers, CO₂ lasers remain effective, especially for larger cuts, and are recognized for their energy efficiency.
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Article with all rights reserved, courtesy of IQS Directory.